PUMP-STOREAGE PLANTS:

Pumps are mainly used as energy storage tanks. This means: pumping is carried out during the night, and peaks are shipped off during the day.

HIGH-PRESSURE PLANTS:

High pressure systems use the large gradient in the mountains (> 50m).

MEDIUM-PRESSURE PLANTS:

Medium-pressure plants are usually built in middle mountains, with a gradient between 15 and 50 m.

LOW PRESSURE PLANTS:

Low pressure systems are designed for river valleys with a gradient of less than 15 m. These are mostly run-of-the-river power stations, where one again distinguishes between river or barge power stations and discharge power plants

If a hydroelectric power plant is planned, the starting point is all considerations
 The run-off time line and the fall height line for a period as long as possible. Among other things, they are the prerequisite for the determination of the annual work. The ecological amount of residual water must always be considered.

The expansion power P (KW) is calculated from the product of the constant density of the water, the acceleration g, as well as the degree of efficiency of the turbine, gearbox, generator and transformer (approx ) And the swallowing capacity Q (m3/s)

P (KW) = 7 × H (m) × Q (m3/s)

In the case of small-scale power plants in medium-sized and river valleys, it is possible to start from about 6000 full-load hours per year, so that the annual work to be produced is 6000 hp (KW) = 6000xP (Kwh).

The costs of a hydroelectric power plant depend on the gradient, the amount of water and the turbine type selected. In addition, topographical and geological conditions are important. In the case of small-scale hydroelectric power plants, the specific costs can range between EUR 4,000,- and EUR 15,000,- per kW of output. Reactivations or upgrades are available at 2,500.- EUR up to 5,000.- EUR construction costs per KW installed power.